Perbedaan Present Perfect Tense dengan Simple Past Tense

Present Perfect tense menyampaikan bahwa sesuatu SUDAH terjadi, lebih menekankan pada suatu “kegiatan” yang sudah terjadi.

Contoh: I’ve eaten. I’ve met her.

Past Tense menyampaikan bahwa sesuatu terjadi di WAKTU LAMPAU, lebih menekankan pada waktu kejadian.

contoh: I met her last week.

1.       simple past tense dipakai saat keterangan waktunya sudah selesai, sedangkan present perfect dipakai saat keterangan waktunya belum selesai/masih berlanjut.

Contoh:
I bought 3 books last week. (simple past-last week sudah berlalu)
I have bought 3 books this week. (present perfect-this week belum berlalu, masih berlangsung)

Adjective Clause

An adjective clause—also called an adjectival or relative clause—will meet three requirements:

• First, it will contain a subject and verb.
• Next, it will begin with a relative pronoun [who, whom, whose, that, or which] or a relative adverb [when, where, or why].
• Finally, it will function as an adjective, answering the questions What kind? How many? or Which one?

The adjective clause will follow one of these two patterns:

Relative Pronoun or Adverb + Subject + Verb

Relative Pronoun as Subject + Verb

Here are some examples:

Whose big, brown eyes pleaded for another cookie

Whose = relative pronoun; eyes = subject; pleaded = verb.

Why Fred cannot stand sitting across from his sister Melanie

Why = relative adverb; Fred = subject; can stand = verb [not, an adverb, is not officially part of the verb].

Simple Present Tenses

The simple present tense in English is used to describe an action that is regular, true or normal.

We use the present tense:

1. For repeated or regular actions in the present time period.

• I take the train to the office.
• The train to Berlin leaves every hour.
• John sleeps eight hours every night during the week.

2. For facts.

• The President of The USA lives in The White House.
• A dog has four legs.
• We come from Switzerland.

3. For habits.

• I get up early every day.
• Carol brushes her teeth twice a day.
• They travel to their country house every weekend.

4. For things that are always / generally true.

• It rains a lot in winter.
• The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace.
• They speak English at work.